1. Surveying
DEM is most used to get conventional topographic data of a particular region. Soil mapping and geological studies can also be done using DEM.
2. Cut-and-fill calculations
Earthwork calculations, especially for roads or railroads, can be done using DEM and the ArcGIS software.
3. Risk assessment
A seismic survey can be carried out using DEM. The rock structure will give insights on threats such as landslides and earthquakes. Flood management can also be done after a thorough study of the topography.
4. Site planning
Topography and slope are studied for planning the site layout. The planning has to be considering underground utilities. DEM provides accurate data on the same.
5. Urban planning
Architects and engineers can plan the residents/user’s visibility of a proposed building, taking into consideration the surrounding aspects.
6. Water resources management
Contours, elevation points, and catchment area details of a water body are attained from DEM. Volumetric calculations regarding flow accumulation and flow direction for building reservoirs and dams can be done.